JavaScript Applicability

JavaScript is an action-oriented model of the World Wide Web. Elements of a Web page, such as a button or checkbox, may trigger actions or events. When one of these events occurs, a corresponding piece of JavaScript code, usually a JavaScript function, is executed.
And that function, in turn, is composed of various statements which perform calculations, examine or modify the contents of the Web page, or perform other tasks to respond in some way to that event.

With JavaScript, your pages come alive! Your pages respond to the requests of your audience beyond a simple click here or there. Many more interactive elements are now available for interesting design and layout. Now, your users are no longer just readers.
People interact with your documents, not just read them. Your users can now interact with forms, change the look and feel of your Web documents, and use multiple windows.

JavaScript extends the capabilities of the server. By providing a scripting language, the software can do more without calling an external program.
It makes it easier for Webmasters to add features to their sites that browsers take advantage. Moreover, it can also reduce the load on the server by keeping the processing within the server software.

All of the elements inside the window of a browser are available in JavaScript.Moreover, you can dynamically change some of these items.
You can also examine the items of one document and use that information to create a different document.

Applications of JavaScript

Like other scripting languages that extend the capabilities of the application with which they work, JavaScript extends the standard Web page beyond its normal use.With javascript, there are numerous ways to make your Web site come alive.
And because of the flexibility of the javascript language, the only limit is your imagination. The JavaScript can instantly provide you information without waiting on the server or your Internet connection.

JavaScript works with browsers by embedding code directly into an HTML page.Netscape added a new generic tag called SCRIPT to recognize scripting languages.
To inform the browser that your code is JavaScript, you must add the attribute of LANGUAGE="JavaScript" to the SCRIPT tag. Much of your JavaScript coding is enclosed within these tags, as you can see in the following example:

"<SCRIPT LANGUAGE="JavaScript">
a = "Hello!"
//…set a variable called 'a' to a value of "Hello!"
</SCRIPT>"
LiveWire is a visual development environment for creating Internet applications. This new product provides enhancements to a server including JavaScript.
The same language that you use to make your pages come alive on the browser can be used to respond to requests at the server. Instead of writing CGI scripts in Perl, C, or some other language, use JavaScript.

The most notable use of scripting on the Macintosh is Apple's HyperCard program. This application lets you build a group of cards and hyperlink them together. The cards can contain not only text but multimedia files. The stack of cards that you construct can respond to user input.
The scripting language is such a strong element of HyperCard that many people consider HyperCard itself to be a language. Many Mac owners were initially disappointed with HTML because it lacked many of the capabilities of HyperCard. In many ways, JavaScript brings some of the HyperCard features to the Web.

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JavaScript Arrays

Objects are just arrays of properties. However, properties are accessed somewhat differently than array elements. New properties added to an object at any time. It is possible because properties usually only use the left side of the array.

The array creation functions organized into two categories: those that place the enhanced properties at the end, and those that set the enhanced properties at the beginning. The first four array creation methods set the enhanced properties at the end of the array and initialize all empty slots to "@." They differ in how they handle the enhanced properties.

The final three creation methods place the enhanced properties at the beginning of the array. This set of methods can be used to examine the consequences of not initializing the array, or initializing all of the elements to the same thing, and of initializing only the empty elements.

One of the biggest criticisms of associative arrays is that they are one-dimensional. The argument made that the left and right sides constitute a second dimension, of size two, but this is not a true multi-dimensional array.
In fact, two-dimensional arrays are just arrays of arrays. Because of the nature of associative arrays, one can develop such complex structures with relative ease.

Properties are just array elements, so the question is where in the item list they should be placed. If we put them at the beginning, the array elements proper do not start at index=1. If we bring them at the end, the array elements are in the right place, but it is now harder to increase the size of the array.
It is because there are referencing problems if you access the properties by their array index, rather than by their names.

JavaScript strings provide an excellent example of the polymorphism. Strings in JavaScript can think of as HTML objects, in addition to their usual meaning.
It is because JavaScript provides methods for giving strings many of the formatting characteristics of HTML text, such as bold (<B>), italics (<I>), big (<BIG>), link (<A>), and so on.
Double replacement scheme

A special procedure, known as a double replacement scheme, must be used to clear or reset an existing array.
This particular approach is needed because you have no way of knowing what values already stored in the array. In particular, you have no way of knowing that they are unique.

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JavaScript Use and Functions

Javascript is structured and interpreted object-oriented language. JavaScript gives you access to the entire Web page. You can modify properties of the page or any element of the page. You can also create new documents or update parts of a form.
JavaScript is designed to be easy to learn and convenient to use by almost anyone who seeks to create dynamic Web pages and client-side checking of input forms.
Moreover, keeping this thing in mind, the authors of JavaScript have provided you, the programmer, with many built-in objects. These built-in objects are available through both the client-side JavaScript and through LiveWire.

Before JavaScript, the process of creating and validating information that a user entered via a form depended heavily on sending and receiving information from a server-side CGI script. A CGI possibly used for creating the actual form, validating the information and sending a response back to the user confirming that the information sent successfully.
Moreover, now by using JavaScript, you can place much of the work on the client-side, which can reduce the connection times between the client and the server dramatically. Regarding validating form information, you do this by allowing the script to inspect the contents of each field that the user has entered and presented an alert to the user if the information does not meet some specific requirements like too many characters or if the field is empty.
Although Javascript does not force you to declare or initialize variables before you begin function statements, it is often very useful to do so.It allows you to document the purpose of each variable.
When you return to a function six months after you wrote it, you may not remember what the variable count does, unless you explicitly document it as // array index variable.However, if you explicitly declare each variable, then you have the opportunity to initialize them to some significant default value.

Functions, particularly ones that carry out critical tasks like opening windows, should always check to see if their parameters are valid. It usually involves making sure that they are the correct type and are within some expected range.Then, we need routines to determine if the parameters are valid. Strings are relatively safe as parameters, but numbers and booleans are not.
It is because JavaScript often converts a non-string, such as 5, to the corresponding string "5," but it only converts to numerical or boolean values if it can. If a string parameter is specified as the number 5, no error occurs, because the numerical value 5 and the string "5" may freely convert to one another. If a statistical parameter specified as the string "Five," an error very definitely occurs, because JavaScript does not know how to convert that string to a number.

Detect Visitor's Browser

"<html>
<head>
<script type="text/javascript">
var ie7 = (document.all && !window.opera && window.XMLHttpRequest) ? true : false;
if (ie7==true)
{
document.write( "Is IE7" );
}
else
{
document.write( "Is NOT IE7" );
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>"
Using object detection
Object detection is more reliable than browser detection.
Object detection means checking for the existence of a method or property rather than checking for the browser.
However, in object detection, you check for the availability of XMLHttpRequest, and if it is available we create an object of it, else we try for the other.
Code:
"if(window.XMLHttpRequest) {
req = new XMLHttpRequest();
}else{
try{
req = new ActiveXObject('MSXML2.XMLHTTP');
}catch(e){
try {
    req = new ActiveXObject('Microsoft.XMLHTTP');
}catch(e){
    return false;
}
}
}"
Set Cursor to Empty Field in Login Form
"if (document.yourform.fieldname.value == "") {
alert("You have not filledin this field.");
document.yourform.fieldname.focus();
if(document.all || document.getElementByID){
document.yourform.fieldname.style.background = "pink";
}
return false;
}
use this
document.getElementById('fieldId').focus()"
JavaScript onChange function

The onChange javascript function for selectBox supported by both Internet Explorer and Mozilla Firebox
<select name="selectedPartNumber" onchange="javascript:goSelected(a);">
Redirect Using JavaScript
"<html>
<head>
<script language="javascript">
function CountDown( )
{
var current = document.getElementById('CountDown').innerHTML;
var next = current – 1;
document.getElementById('CountDown').innerHTML = next ;
if( next == 0 )
{
window.location.href = 'https://cpwebhosting.com&#039;;
}
setTimeout( "CountDown()", 1000 );
}
</script>
</head>

<body onload="CountDown( );">
Redirecting in <span id="CountDown">5</span>
</body>"
Displaying Picture Dynamically

Display a pattern ID (text) directly above or under the picture.
1. Get a "pointer" to the HTML element you want to change (let's say it is a div)
2. You set the innerHTML to the new value.
example:
HTML
"<div id="PatternID"> 111 </div>
JS
var obj = document.getElementById("PatternID");
if (obj != null)
obj.innerHTML = "222";"

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JavaScript and Scripting Languages

The term,'scripting languages' is used to make a distinction from compiled languages. However, some languages like C or C++ could be used for scripting.
The term scripting also used because a language would react to, control, or "script" a series of events. Even macro languages built into PC applications like spreadsheets, databases, word processors, and multimedia applications are now often called scripting languages.

If you have used the Web, you have used Perl. It is the language used for probably the majority of CGI scripts.

These are the routines that run on Internet servers and respond to requests from browsers when a user completes a form. There are guestbooks, message boards, voting pages, surveys, and more that use Perl scripts.
Microsoft is actively promoting its scripting language VBScript. The primary function of this language is to interact with and create external applications.
This language is a subset of Microsoft's Visual Basic. Moreover, it works with ActiveX controls.So, it is expected to have a substantial impact.
The JavaScript can instantly provide you information without waiting on the server or your Internet connection. This information can come from user input, code "hidden" with the document, or other material in frames or other windows.
All of the elements inside the window of a browser are available in JavaScript. You can dynamically change some of these items.
You can also examine the elements of one document and use that information to create a different document.
Password Protected Webpage
The simplist and most effective password protection using just clientside JavaScripting, relies on the user not knowing the target filename:
Code:
<script language="JavaScript"><!–
function go() {
window.location.href = "http://www.cpwebhosting.com/&quot; +
document.formName.passwordName.value + '.html';
return false;
}
//–>
<form name="formName" onSubmit="return go()">
Enter Password:
Identify User's Screen Resolution
Get the user's screen resolution with javascript screen.height and screen.width.
Define the size of the flash-site by opening it with window.open().
You could also scale it window after it has opened with window.resizeTo(w, h). call it with the onLoad-Event in the body-tag.
Using IsNumeric function
<script language="javascript">
var num = '12,345,678';
num = num.replace(/,/gi,"");
alert( num );
JS to make HTTP request (GET)
Try this code, this send values from your script
Code:
function rg(r,i)  {
i = new Image();
i.src= 'a/a.php?test=1&mr=r&mi=i';
}

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My Image using the JavaScript

Using CSS positioning methods to overlap HTML texts over your images. Search engines will not recognize the text. I suggest you use CSS for that purpose.
Set the image into a <Div> as background with the following CSS code
Code:
<div><p>text on the image</p></div>

.img{
width:100px; (same as the image width)
height:50px; (same as the image height)
}
t.{
margin:auto;}

Enlarge Image with Window
<html>

<head>
<style type="text/css">
img { width:75% }
</style>
</head>

<body>
<img src="yourpicture.jpg">
</body>
</html>

Try this, Then the image should resize with each window resizing (including user actions)
Code:
<img src="yourimage.jpg" border="0" alt="some text" title="other text" width="100%"/>

Try this, Then the image should resize with each window resizing (including user actions)
Code:
<img src="yourimage.jpg" border="0" alt="some text" title="other text" width="100%"/>

Well, try this code

Code:
<!doctype html public "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html dir="LTR" lang="en">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
<title>Your title</title>
<script language="javascript"><!–
var i=0;
function resize()
{
var l_img = new Image();
l_img.src = "yourimage.jpg";
if (navigator.appName == 'Netscape') i=100;
window.resizeTo(l_img.width +180, l_img.height+150-i);
self.focus();
}
//–></script>
</head>
<body onload="resize();">
<img src="yourimage.jpg" border="0" width="100%" height="100%"/>
</body>
</html>
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Navigation Buttons Using JavaScript

Include JavaScript code from external JS files
Create a new file with the extension .js, for example, myscript.js.
Put your JavaScript code in this file
do not include opening and closing SCRIPT tags in the .js file!
To embed myscript.js into your Web page, use these tags in your HTML file:
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Browsers supporting JavaScript

* Microsoft Internet Explorer
* Any other browser/product whose vendor licensed or implemented JavaScript interpreter (for example, Opera).
To prevent old browsers from displaying your JS code, do the following:
1. Immediately after the opening <script> tag, put a one-line HTML-style comment without the closing characters so that the first two lines of your script would look like this:

<script language="JavaScript">
<!–
2. At the end of your script, put the following two lines:
//–>
Thus, your HTML file will contain the following fragment:

<script language="JavaScript">
<!–
Here you put your JS code.
Old browsers will treat it
as an HTML comment.
//–>

Sometimes the user's browser cannot execute JavaScript code and display a warning for the user of JavaScript-incapable browsers.

Put your warning text between the tags <NOSCRIPT> and </NOSCRIPT>.

Here's an example:

<NOSCRIPT>
<H3>This page uses JavaScript</H3>
<ul>
<li>Please use Netscape Navigator 3+ or Internet Explorer 3+
<li>Make sure that JavaScript is enabled in your browser.
JavaScript-enabled browsers will ignore everything between <NOSCRIPT> and </NOSCRIPT>.
Browsers that cannot execute JavaScript would display your message on the page.
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JavaScript for The Web Development

In the present scenario, the academics and programmers are experiencing explosive growth and the people are taking an unparalleled interest in the web. Web pages created at an astonishing rate. There is a fundamental challenge of Web page development to create an attractive and exciting websites.
The Java programming language was introduced to extend the Web developer's set of tools dramatically.

JavaScript offers the Web page author a new level of sophistication without requiring him to become a programmer. JavaScript brings dynamic and powerful capabilities to Web pages, yet JavaScript is no harder to learn than HTML.
Now the JavaScript can also be used to solve common problems, such as validating forms input and can also be used to create dramatic and visually appealing content, which would be impossible with HTML.

In building Web pages, you present information to your audience. However, the design and layout should also entice them to explore your site.
And with the JavaScript, your pages come alive! Many interactive elements are now available for interesting design and layout. Your users are no longer just readers. People would interact with your documents, not just read them. Your users can now interact with forms, change the look and feel of your Web documents, and use multiple windows.

JSP for dynamic web pages

Server-side technology developed by Sun. With JSP you can create dynamic web pages by putting Java code into your HTML pages. The code is executed by the web server before the page returned to the browser.
Since JSP uses Java, the technology not restricted to any server-specific platform.
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ColdFusion MX

Macromedia’s Rapid Server Scripting Environment
It conceived and designed specifically to help HTML programmers create database-oriented web applications.
Promising from the start, significant improvements were made over the years leading to ColdFusion 5.0.
The Allaire Corporation was acquired by Macromedia in 2001, and since then ColdFusion has been integrated with Macromedia’s industry-leading development software – Dreamweaver and Flash.

Today, the latest version is called ColdFusion MX, which is part of the Macromedia MX “family” – an integrated suite of products that is designed to streamline the creation and delivery of everything from simple websites to Rich Internet Applications. The "MX" moniker is not an acronym and doesn't have a literal translation. "MX" simply designates ColdFusion MX as a major new release and part of the Macromedia MX product family which also includes Macromedia Flash MX, Dreamweaver MX, Fireworks MX, Director MX, Macromedia Flash Communication Server MX and Macromedia Studio MX.

One of the greatest features of ColdFusion is its simple, tag-based scripting language called ColdFusion Markup Language or CFML. What makes CFML great is that it is very easy for developers to learn because they already used to working with tag-based HTML. That allows ColdFusion applications to be written faster, even by developers with less experience. CFML is simple and very intuitive, reducing common web functions – like accessing a database – into single CFML tags. Compare that with several lines of code required with PHP or ASP.

ColdFusion also handles low-level programming tasks automatically and simplifies code reuse. In addition to over 75 tags and 240 built-in functions, CFML allows developers to extend the language by creating their custom tags or user defined functions, or by integrating COM, Java/C++, and Java components. With the release of ColdFusion MX, Macromedia now offers developers next generation architecture that allow deployment of ColdFusion applications on Java 2 Enterprise Edition (J2EE) servers, including Macromedia JRun, IBM Websphere, BEA WebLogic and Sun One.

There are other key advantages to ColdFusion MX such as its comprehensive feature set including built-in graphing and charting functions and Verity search engine. ColdFusion MX supported on Solaris, Linux, Windows and HP-UX with code compatibility between platforms. Another big advantage is how reliably it is supposed to scale to heavy loads.

Unfortunately, ColdFusion MX was initially not very reliable and a big disappointment for developers who upgraded from ColdFusion 5.0. Moreover, many developers made the switch as soon as MX was released because Macromedia slashed the cost to license MX ($795) to almost half the cost of version 5.0 ($1295).

The big problem was instability arising from the change from 5.0’s ColdFusion Server to MX’s JRun Server. Macromedia has since released a couple of updates to ColdFusion MX that have apparently fixed the initial problems with it – but not before many developer headaches. Macromedia has now raised the licensing cost to $1295 for ColdFusion MX, which is about the only real downside we can see compared to other competing platforms that are less expensive. There is a freeware version of ColdFusion MX available, but its features are limited.

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VBScript Methods & Properties


When the page first loads, it connects to the Microsoft Web site, which appears in the frame. You can follow the hyperlinks of this document to switch to any other page on the same Web site or to visit another site.

Some hyperlinks, however, cause the destination page to be displayed on the parent page, in effect removing your page from the browser's window. If this happens, the page with the command buttons would be replaced on the browser's window, and you must click on the browser's Back button to return to the LocationObject page, or select the Refresh button to reload the original page.

Alert Method

The alert method displays an alert message box. The alert message box is very similar to the regular message box of the Windows 95 user interface.
It displays a message and remains on the screen, and the execution of the script suspended until the user clicks the OK button.
Confirm displays a message box similar to the alert method, and only this box has two buttons, OK and Cancel. The confirm method returns the value True if the OK button clicked and the value False if the Cancel button is clicked.
This method frequently is used to notify the user that an unusual or irrevocable action is about to take place, such as the transmission of Form data to the server.

Open Method

The open method has a behavior similar to that of hyperlinks inserted with the <A> tag; however, it gives you more control over the appearance of the new window. The real benefit of using the open method, though, is that it enables you to specify the target at runtime.

On the other hand, the destination of the <A> tag must be furnished at design time and can't change when the document viewed. With the open method, you can navigate to any URL, even a user-supplied URL.

Opener property

The opener property returns the window object that opened the current window. The opener property does not return a window name or another window property.
It returns an actual object that you can use to access the properties of the window from which the current window opened.

Cookie property

The cookie property enables you to set up client-side cookies. A cookie represents a message you can store on the client computer and read from another page, or the next time the same client loads your page.
Cookies enable you to customize your pages for each customer by maintaining information between sessions. The cookie property makes it possible for your script to store a string on the customer's computer and recall it at a later time.
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